Ciprofloxacin
General Information
Ciprofloxacin Impurities and Ciprofloxacin
Daicel Pharma is a reliable source in synthesizing and offering high-quality Ciprofloxacin impurities, including ethyl 7-chloro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylate. These impurities are essential for evaluating the quality, stability, and safety of Ciprofloxacin, which is an active pharmaceutical ingredient. Additionally, Daicel Pharma offers a customized synthesis of Ciprofloxacin impurities for global delivery to meet the specific needs of our customers.
Ciprofloxacin [CAS: 85721-33-1] is a fluoroquinolone medicine. It is an antibiotic that treats bacterial infections in the body. It acts against gram-negative bacteria like Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., etc. Ciprofloxacin treats pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial infections in patients. Ciprofloxacin works against pathogens and is resistant to antibiotics.
Ciprofloxacin: Use and Commercial Availability
Ciprofloxacin treats and prevents several bacterial infections. As a broad-spectrum antibiotic, it treats urinary tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, pneumonia, typhoid fever, gastrointestinal infections, lower respiratory tract infections, sexually transmitted infections, eye and ear infections, and more. It is available in various formulations. Further, many manufacturers market Ciprofloxacin under brands such as Cipro, Ciloxan, Cetraxal, Otiprio, etc.
Ciprofloxacin Structure and Mechanism of Action
The chemical name of Ciprofloxacin is 1-Cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid. The chemical formula for Ciprofloxacin is C17H18FN3O3, and its molecular weight is approximately 331.34 g/mol.
Ciprofloxacin interferes with the enzyme DNA gyrase, which is responsible for bacterial DNA synthesis. It blocks bacterial DNA topoisomerase, thus preventing DNA replication.
Ciprofloxacin Impurities and Synthesis
When synthesizing Ciprofloxacin1, the formation of impurities may affect drug safety and efficacy. They form during the synthetic process, storage, or purification of Ciprofloxacin. Ciprofloxacin impurities need controlling and monitoring for better drug safety, potency, and storage.
Daicel Pharma offers a comprehensive Certificate of Analysis (CoA) for Ciprofloxacin impurities, which includes ethyl 7-chloro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylate. A CoA is from a cGMP-compliant analytical facility. It has complete characterization data such as 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, MASS, and HPLC purity2. We give additional spectral data on request. Daicel Pharma can prepare any unidentified Ciprofloxacin impurity or degradation product. In addition, Daicel Pharma offers highly purified, stable isotope-labeled standards of Ciprofloxacin. Accompanying the delivery will be a complete characterization report.
References
FAQ's
References
- Grohe, Klaus; Zeiler, Hans Joachim; Metzger, Karl, 7-amino-1-cyclopropyl-4-oxo-1, 4-dihydro-quinoline-and naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids and antibacterial agents containing these compounds, US4670444B1, May 29, 1984, Bayer A.-G., Federal Republic of Germany (https://patents.google.com/patent/US4670444B1/en)
- Gau, W.; Ploschke, H. J.; Schmidt, K.; Weber, B., Determination of ciprofloxacin (BAY o 9867) in biological fluids by high-performance liquid chromatography, Journal of Liquid Chromatography, Volume: 8, Issue: 3, Pages: 485-97, 1985, DOI: (10.1080/01483918508067095)
Frequently Asked Questions
2. How do Ciprofloxacin impurities and degradation products form in the Ciprofloxacin drug?
Ciprofloxacin impurities originate from the by-products of the drug synthesis—the degradation products form due to decarboxylation, hydroxylation, and photolysis.
3. Which analytical method identifies the Ciprofloxacin impurities?
Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) is the method that identifies the Ciprofloxacin impurities.
4. Why control of residual solvents is necessary in Ciprofloxacin drug substance?
Residual solvents can be toxic and carcinogenic, so it is critical to remove them from the Ciprofloxacin drug substance.
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